{"id":60644,"date":"2022-03-17T18:10:18","date_gmt":"2022-03-17T22:10:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pacificopencourses.col.org\/cs4odfl\/?page_id=60644"},"modified":"2022-03-17T18:10:18","modified_gmt":"2022-03-17T22:10:18","slug":"face-to-face-and-odfl-delivery","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/pacificopencourses.col.org\/cs4odfl\/learning-pathways\/understanding-the-foundations-of-communication-and-interaction-in-odfl-contexts\/face-to-face-and-odfl-delivery\/","title":{"rendered":"Face-to-Face and ODFL delivery"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"content\" class=\"mw-body container\" role=\"main\">\n<div class=\"row\">\n<div class=\"col-md-12\">\n<div class=\"panel\">\n<div class=\"panel-body\">\n<div id=\"bodyContent\">\n<div id=\"mw-content-text\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"mw-content-ltr\">\n<p>Technology continues to evolve, and so does the learning and teaching environment. As teachers, we often find ourselves standing at a crossroads between traditional teaching methods (the way we were taught) and flexibility in teaching design, delivery, and assessment. Not surprisingly, the recent disruption of the education system caused by COVID-19 has forced us to try different technologies and teaching methods, which led to an immediate shift from a face-to-face teaching model to technology-based learning. The following graphic illustrates the continuum of technology-based learning (modes of delivery).\n<\/p>\n<div align=\"center\">\n<div class=\"center\">\n<div class=\"floatnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wikieducator.org\/File:ODFL.jpg\" class=\"image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"ODFL.jpg\" src=\"\/\/wikieducator.org\/images\/thumb\/b\/bd\/ODFL.jpg\/507px-ODFL.jpg\" width=\"507\" height=\"260\" class=\"img-responsive\"><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><i>The continuum of technology-based learning. Adapted from Bates and Poole, 2003.<\/i>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Face-to-face_Delivery\">Face-to-face Delivery<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Face-to-face (f-2-f) education involves traditional classroom learning where the instructor and the students are not separated by geographic space or time. Face-to-face, in-person, traditional, and campus-based modes of delivery are often used interchangeably, as all involve classroom teaching with no technology at all (which is very rare these days), with classes running in real-time, and students and instructors coming together from different locations. Below are just a few teaching strategies used in face-to-face sessions:\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> lectures\/presentations\/seminars\n<\/li>\n<li> demonstrations\n<\/li>\n<li> classroom discussions\/debates\n<\/li>\n<li> role-plays\n<\/li>\n<li> group projects\n<\/li>\n<li> games\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"What_is_ODFL.3F\">What is ODFL?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Open, distance and flexible learning (ODFL) \u2013 and online learning \u2013 are key to widening access to cost-efficient learning for remote populations of the Pacific region who are scattered across vast distances of ocean who cannot or who do not wish to attend campus-based study. A common thread that runs through ODFL is the application of educational technologies and the Internet enabling learning across vast distances.\n<\/p>\n<p>According to <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tonybates.ca\/\">Dr. Tony Bates<\/a>, when we use terms such as ODFL and online learning, we are trying to describe a very dynamic and fast changing phenomenon, and the terminology often struggles to keep up with the reality of what is happening. He says that the terms are often used to mean the same thing, but nevertheless, there are significant differences. Below is a summary of Tony\u2019s definitions of the terms.\n<\/p>\n<div style=\"background-color:#F0F0F0;width:95%;margin:0 auto;padding:1em\">\n<h3><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Open_learning\">Open learning<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Open learning is primarily a goal, or an educational policy. An essential characteristic of open learning is the removal of barriers to learning. This means no prior qualifications to study, and for students with disabilities, a determined effort to provide education in a suitable form that overcomes the disability (for example, audio tapes for students who are visually impaired). Ideally, no one should be denied access to an open learning programme. Thus, open learning must be scalable as well as flexible. Openness has implications for the use of technology. If no one is to be denied access, then technologies that are available to everyone need to be used.\n<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Distance_education\">Distance education<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Distance education on the other hand is less a philosophy and more a method of education. Students can study in their own time, at the place of their choice (home, work or learning centre), and without face-to-face contact with a teacher. Technology is a critical element of distance education. However, distance education programmes may not be open.\n<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Flexible_learning\">Flexible learning<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Flexible learning is the provision of learning in a flexible manner, built around the geographical, social and time constraints of individual learners, rather than those of an educational institution. Flexible learning may include distance education, but it also may include delivering face-to-face training in the workplace or opening the campus for longer hours or organising weekend or summer schools. Like distance education, it is more of a method than a philosophy, although like distance education, it is often associated with increased access and hence more openness.\n<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Online_learning\">Online learning<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>A form of distance education where the primary delivery mechanism is via the internet and where a course or programme is intentionally designed in advance to be delivered fully online. Faculty use pedagogical strategies for instruction, student engagement, and assessment that are specific to learning in a virtual environment. Online courses or programmes could be delivered synchronously or asynchronously. All instruction are conducted at a distance, although \u2018online learning\u2019 is sometimes used for blended learning where most of the study time is spent online but not all.\n<\/p>\n<p><b>Differences and similarities:<\/b> Open, distance, flexible and online learning are rarely found in their \u2018purest\u2019 forms. No teaching system is completely open (minimum levels of literacy are required, for instance), and few students ever study in complete isolation. Even fully online courses may encourage students to meet face-to-face for short periods, with or without an instructor, and most fully online courses supplement the online study with print readings such as textbooks. Thus, there are degrees of openness, \u2018distance\u2019, \u2018flexibility\u2019, and \u2018virtuality\u2019.\n<\/p>\n<p>Although open and flexible learning and distance education and online learning mean different things, the one thing they all have in common is an attempt to provide alternative means of high-quality education or training for those who either cannot take conventional, campus-based programmes, or choose not to.\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Synchronous_and_Asynchronous_Communication_in_ODFL\">Synchronous and Asynchronous Communication in ODFL<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>In ODFL contexts, there are two types of communication, synchronous and asynchronous, which happen by using digital tools and platforms. In <b>synchronous communication<\/b>, the instructor and the students in the course engage with the course content and each other at the <i>same time<\/i>, but from different locations. Whereas in <b>asynchronous communication<\/b>, the instructor and the students in the course engage with the course content at <i>different times<\/i> (and from different locations). Both synchronous and asynchronous communication have their place in ODFL, depending on what an instructor is trying to achieve, and the guidance they may have received from their institution, faculty, or department. For example, a synchronous (live) presentation allows students to ask questions while the presentation is in progress; an asynchronous (recorded) presentation allows students time to deliberate and reflect before asking their questions, perhaps in an online discussion group. Live, synchronous chat office hours allow the instructor and a student to have an interaction that resembles a real conversation; using an asynchronous discussion forum to collect and respond to questions works better for students whose schedules wouldn\u2019t permit them to engage in a live chat.\n<\/p>\n<p>The following video provides a useful summary on synchronous versus asynchronous communication tools [Watchtime: 2.50 mins].\n<\/p>\n<div align=\"center\">\n\n<div data-mode=\"normal\" data-oembed=\"1\" data-provider=\"youtube\" id=\"arve-youtube-dx_nztizrpe\" class=\"arve\">\n\t<div class=\"arve-inner\">\n\t\t<div style=\"aspect-ratio:500\/281\" class=\"arve-embed arve-embed--has-aspect-ratio\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"arve-ar\" style=\"padding-top:56.200000%\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t<iframe allow=\"accelerometer &apos;none&apos;;autoplay &apos;none&apos;;bluetooth &apos;none&apos;;browsing-topics &apos;none&apos;;camera &apos;none&apos;;clipboard-read &apos;none&apos;;clipboard-write;display-capture &apos;none&apos;;encrypted-media &apos;none&apos;;gamepad &apos;none&apos;;geolocation &apos;none&apos;;gyroscope &apos;none&apos;;hid &apos;none&apos;;identity-credentials-get &apos;none&apos;;idle-detection &apos;none&apos;;keyboard-map &apos;none&apos;;local-fonts;magnetometer &apos;none&apos;;microphone &apos;none&apos;;midi &apos;none&apos;;otp-credentials &apos;none&apos;;payment &apos;none&apos;;picture-in-picture;publickey-credentials-create &apos;none&apos;;publickey-credentials-get &apos;none&apos;;screen-wake-lock &apos;none&apos;;serial &apos;none&apos;;summarizer &apos;none&apos;;sync-xhr;usb &apos;none&apos;;web-share;window-management &apos;none&apos;;xr-spatial-tracking &apos;none&apos;;\" allowfullscreen=\"\" class=\"arve-iframe fitvidsignore\" credentialless data-arve=\"arve-youtube-dx_nztizrpe\" data-lenis-prevent=\"\" data-src-no-ap=\"https:\/\/www.youtube-nocookie.com\/embed\/dX_nZTiZRPE?feature=oembed&amp;iv_load_policy=3&amp;modestbranding=1&amp;rel=0&amp;autohide=1&amp;playsinline=0&amp;autoplay=0\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"0\" loading=\"lazy\" name=\"\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts allow-same-origin allow-presentation allow-popups allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube-nocookie.com\/embed\/dX_nZTiZRPE?feature=oembed&#038;iv_load_policy=3&#038;modestbranding=1&#038;rel=0&#038;autohide=1&#038;playsinline=0&#038;autoplay=0\" title=\"\" width=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t\n\t<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"http:\\\/\\\/schema.org\\\/\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pacificopencourses.col.org\\\/cs4odfl\\\/learning-pathways\\\/understanding-the-foundations-of-communication-and-interaction-in-odfl-contexts\\\/face-to-face-and-odfl-delivery\\\/#arve-youtube-dx_nztizrpe\",\"type\":\"VideoObject\",\"embedURL\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.youtube-nocookie.com\\\/embed\\\/dX_nZTiZRPE?feature=oembed&iv_load_policy=3&modestbranding=1&rel=0&autohide=1&playsinline=0&autoplay=0\"}<\/script>\n\t\n<div class=\"arve-error\"><p><small><abbr title=\"Advanced Responsive Video Embedder\">ARVE<\/abbr> error: maxwidth: <code>425px<\/code> is not valid<\/small><\/p><\/div>\n<\/div><\/p>\n<p><i>By John Spencer<\/i>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h3><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Strengths_and_Limitations_of_Synchronous_and_Asynchronous_Communication\">Strengths and Limitations of Synchronous and Asynchronous Communication<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>The interactive image below highlights the strengths and limitations of synchronous and asynchronous communication in ODFL environments.\n<\/p>\n<div align=\"center\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"h5p-iframe-1\" class=\"h5p-iframe h5p-initialized WEH5P\" src=\"https:\/\/h5p.oeru.org\/h5p\/153\/embed\" width=\"80%\" height=\"400px\" style=\"width:80%;height:400px;border:none\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>\n<\/p>\n<p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"background-color:#F0F0F0;margin:0 auto;border-radius:1em;padding:1em\">\n<p>Both face-to-face and ODFL modes of delivery have their place in education. Face-to-face mode is the more traditional way of instruction, where students and teachers attend in-person sessions simultaneously. Synchronous ODFL mode can also be considered face-to-face, as learning takes place in real-time. ODFL modes of delivery include the use of internet and communication technology and is regarded as an ideal alternative for remote learners. No matter which approach teachers use, either synchronous or asynchronous, clear communication is crucial to convey timely course instructions and expectations to learners accurately.\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- \nNewPP limit report\nCPU time usage: 0.026 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.030 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 142\/1000000\nPreprocessor generated node count: 703\/1000000\nPost\u2010expand include size: 797\/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 72\/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 4\/40\nExpensive parser function count: 0\/100\n--><\/p>\n<p><!-- Saved in parser cache with key we_en-mw_:pcache:idhash:188954-0!*!*!!en!2!* and timestamp 20220317180943 and revision id 1091788\n -->\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"visualClear\"><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"row\">\n<div class=\"col-md-12\">\n<ul class=\"pager\">\n<li class=\"previous\">\n            <a href=\"\/cs4odfl\/learning-pathways\/understanding-the-foundations-of-communication-and-interaction-in-odfl-contexts\/overview\">\u2190 Previous<\/a>\n          <\/li>\n<li class=\"next\">\n            <a href=\"\/cs4odfl\/learning-pathways\/understanding-the-foundations-of-communication-and-interaction-in-odfl-contexts\/communicating-with-learners\">Next \u2192<\/a>\n          <\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div id=\"wenote-ids\"><script type='text\/javascript' id='wenotes-ids'>\n    var WEnotesSite = \"https:\/\/wikieducator.org\";\n    var WEnotesPath = \"\/CS4ODFL\/Understanding_the_foundations_of_communication_and_interaction_in_ODFL_contexts\/Face-to-Face\";\n    var WEnotesSiteID = \"0e3d258fbd36841f92259eefcd41d5e9\";\n    var WEnotesPathID = \"05115427297fd114dcd219a01ecf13b3\";\n    var WEnotesIDs = { site: \"https:\/\/wikieducator.org\", path: \"\/CS4ODFL\/Understanding_the_foundations_of_communication_and_interaction_in_ODFL_contexts\/Face-to-Face\", site_id: \"0e3d258fbd36841f92259eefcd41d5e9\", path_id: \"05115427297fd114dcd219a01ecf13b3\" };\n<\/script><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<footer><\/footer>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Technology continues to evolve, and so does the learning and teaching environment. As teachers, we often find ourselves standing at a crossroads between traditional teaching methods (the way we were taught) and flexibility in teaching design, delivery, and assessment. Not surprisingly, the recent disruption of the education system caused by COVID-19 has forced us to [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":21,"featured_media":0,"parent":60640,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-60644","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pacificopencourses.col.org\/cs4odfl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/60644","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pacificopencourses.col.org\/cs4odfl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pacificopencourses.col.org\/cs4odfl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pacificopencourses.col.org\/cs4odfl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/21"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pacificopencourses.col.org\/cs4odfl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=60644"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/pacificopencourses.col.org\/cs4odfl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/60644\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":60645,"href":"https:\/\/pacificopencourses.col.org\/cs4odfl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/60644\/revisions\/60645"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pacificopencourses.col.org\/cs4odfl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/60640"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pacificopencourses.col.org\/cs4odfl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=60644"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}